I don't think it's a bug, it's more like ignorance to force UI sizes and incredible inconsistencies of any kind on us.
At 125%
Photoshop, Premiere and After Effects come with small icons and menu font sizes.
Illustrator and InDesign on the other hand come with huge icons and menu font sizes.
At 124%
All look the same but Photoshop's and Acrobats menu font size is smaller than that of e.g. Illustrator.
Photoshops preferences to increase the UI font size seem to have no effect at all.
Are you really suggesting professionals should use Adobe tools to create Websites with a responsive Web Design, when Adobe themselves cannot even get close to a consistent and responsive user interface within their products?
Please do us a favour and build at least a checkbox into the preferences which UI enlargement we prefer, small, huge or ultra huge. You managed that for the experimental Photoshop preferences and 4K. So before you always wrong at least one half of your customers, give us at least a choice for the lesser evel.
And please ... don't force us to use Windows preferences as a switch for YOUR program behaviour.