Try a Press or Print job settings to see if there is a difference. Not sure why there is any difference. The Save As Adobe PDF and the create PDF under the Acrobat menu are the same process. Using the Save As XPS or PDF is using the MS conversion process. In terms of display, there may be issues of setting the smoothing in the Display preferences. I can not see the precise differences you are talking about, or don't know what to look for. Cropping you screen capture might help. The message only suggests a change in the color (like differences due to the use of the specific color options in the conversion preferences). But I can not see if there is any issue with resolution as you seem to have suggested.
I did zoom in and saw some apparent differences, but am not sure what you are referring to.